Every onboard controller, braking system and train management unit runs safety-related embedded software, and so does the signalling equipment beside the track. The CENELEC railway software standards, EN 50128 and EN 50716, cover both the software development lifecycle and the qualification of the compilers and libraries used to build it. EN 50716:2023 replaces EN 50128:2011 in the BSI catalogue, and the standard a project is assessed against is set by the programme and its assessor.
GSAS engineers the controller firmware and produces the verification evidence as the code is written. Static analysis with Klocwork and Perforce QAC enforces MISRA C:2023 and project coding rules, and SEGGER J-Link PRO and J-Trace PRO provide real-time debug and trace on the Arm Cortex-R and Cortex-M targets used in train control units, door controllers and traction inverters.
For signalling and interlocking software, where the highest safety integrity levels apply, the work follows the V-model from requirements traceability to tests run on the target, with the tool classification and qualification documentation the assessor reviews. The safety case, the assessment and the certification stay with the customer and an assessor independent of the team that produced the evidence.