Two-Wheelers & Light EVs

India is the world’s largest two-wheeler market, and the electric transition is reshaping the industry at unprecedented speed. From high-speed electric scooters to delivery-focused light commercial EVs, manufacturers face unique engineering challenges: compact BMS designs for swappable battery packs, cost-optimized motor controllers, and compliance with India-specific standards like AIS-038 and IS 17017. GSAS provides the development and validation toolchain purpose-built for this segment.

Challenges in Two-Wheeler EV Development

Two-wheeler and light EV platforms operate under extreme cost and space constraints that fundamentally differ from four-wheeler EV development. Battery management systems must maximize range from smaller packs while ensuring thermal safety in India’s demanding climate conditions. Motor controllers for hub motors and mid-drives require efficient field-oriented control implementations on cost-sensitive microcontrollers. Swappable battery architectures, increasingly mandated by fleet operators and battery-as-a-service models, introduce additional communication protocol and safety interlock requirements.

Charging infrastructure for two-wheelers ranges from simple AC home chargers to high-throughput battery swapping stations, each with distinct compliance requirements. Teams must navigate the intersection of IS 17017 for battery safety, AIS-038 for vehicle-level functional safety, and ISO 15118 for smart charging communication.

GSAS Toolchain for Two-Wheeler EV

The Joulescope JS220 is indispensable for two-wheeler BMS development, offering 9-decade dynamic range current measurement that captures both sleep-mode microamp consumption and peak motor-start currents in a single session. This precision is critical for accurate range estimation and battery life optimization, the two metrics that define market success in this segment.

Keil MDK provides the optimized C/C++ toolchain for Arm Cortex-M based motor controllers and BMS processors that dominate the two-wheeler EV architecture. Combined with ULINKplus for real-time power profiling during motor control algorithm development, teams can optimize efficiency at the firmware level.

PicoScope oscilloscopes deliver high-resolution analysis of PWM drive signals, CAN/LIN bus communication between BMS and vehicle ECU, and charging waveform validation. GW Instek programmable power supplies simulate battery pack behavior across state-of-charge ranges and temperature conditions, enabling comprehensive bench validation before vehicle integration.

Klocwork provides MISRA-compliant static analysis for ISO 26262 compliance of safety-critical BMS and motor control software. For two-wheeler applications typically targeting ASIL A through ASIL C, Klocwork’s comprehensive code quality checkers produce the verification evidence required by ISO 26262 Part 6.

Compliance Path for Indian Manufacturers

India’s two-wheeler EV regulatory framework is evolving rapidly, with AIS-038 bringing functional safety requirements to a segment that historically operated without formal safety certification. GSAS helps manufacturers, from Pune-based startups to established OEMs in Chennai and Gurugram, build compliance-ready development processes from the outset. Our engineering services team provides tool integration, process consulting, and training that addresses both current AIS-038 requirements and the anticipated tightening of standards as the Indian EV market matures.